The subsequent periods are much more represented. Neolithic relics were identified in the areas Vadastra, Farcasele, Brebeni, Slatina, Oboga, Coteana, Orlea, Gura Padinii, Draganesti, Optasi, Mogosesti. Vadastra Culture represents the most important testimony of prehistory, characterized by decorated ceramics, appreciated as the highest expression of ceramics in the European Neolithic. The transition period to Bronze Era is represented by various discoveries in Celei, Slatina, Curtisoara, Ganeasa. Immediately after the first war of Traian against the Dacians, the eastern part was annexed to the Roman Empire. After the Roman conquest were built the castrum from Slaveni and Enosesti, the urban sites among which Romula is distinct and the rural sites of Movileni, Orlea, Dobrun, Farcasele, one of them linked together through stone roads used both in military and commercial purposes.
The Aurelian retreat didn't suppose the ceasing of dacian-roman living on this land, not even during the migration of migratory populations from VIth-VIIth century as results from the archaeological discoveries from: Grojdibodu, Orlea, Redea and Caracal the above-mentioned areas being inserted in the Romanian ethno genesis.
The inhabitants of the Olt region contributed to the revolution of 1821 and supported enthusiastically its program.
The population from the Olt also participated to the events priori to the Union of Romanian Provinces, made at 24th January 1859.
The Olt and Romanati counties, due to their strategic position, contributed hard to sustain the human and economical effort imposed to the country by the campaign of 1877-1878. In order to participate to the War of Independence, more than enrolled in Regiment 3 Dorobanti, Squadrons 3 Romanati and 4 Olt from Regiment 1 Calarasi and Battalion of Militia. A glorious page in the book of national history was written by the inhabitants of Slatina, due to the participation of Regiment 3 Dorobanti to the battles at Canapa, Lom-Palanca, Smardan and Belogracic.
The population of the Olt county supported cultural and political The Memorandum Movement, by creating in January 1891 The League for Cultural Unity of all Romanians at Slatina, the Olt county, the first provincial department from Romania, with the headquarters in Radu Greceanu gymnasium.
In the great war for Unification of Romanian people, Regiment 3 Olt fight bravely at Jiu Bumbesti, in Dobrogea at Cernavoda, Neajlov, at Panciu Manastioara, giving to their country the blood tribute of 1200 heroes. At 14 November 1916 Romanian army destroyed the bridge over Olt River in order to stop the enemy's offensive. Slatina was systematically bombed, and there were bloody battles when the German Austro-Hungarians tried to pass the river, near the villages Curtisoara, Teslui, Colibasi and Mosteni. We only mention a few heroes which died in the battles of the Great War - Captain Dumitru Morjan, Ecaterina Teodoroiu- Regiment 43/59 Infantry Slatina, and captain Ioan Calugarul, wounded in the fights from Pielesti.
The Great National Assembly from Alba Iulia generates to the inhabitants of the Olt county a strong solidarity and a straight decision to accomplish the stately union. The newspapers of that time "Opinia Oltului", "Vointa Poporului" relate about the warm atmosphere and the complete adhesion of the inhabitants of the Olt County to the act of Union.